Budada garaafka ah waa badeecad garaaf sare oo aad u sareeya oo ay sameeyeen tikniyoolajiyadda howsha gaarka ah. Sababo la xiriira hudheega sareeya, qaab-dhismeedka, iska caabinta heerkulka sare, iwm. Qeybaha soosocda waxay soo bandhigayaan arjiga budada garaafka garaafka ah ee saliidaha dufanka:
Saliidaha iyo kirooyinka laftooda waxaa loo isticmaalaa barkadda warshadaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sida ku xusan deegaanka heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare, saliidda saliidaha ee saliidaha saliidda saliidda iyo dufanka ayaa la dhimi doonaa. Maaddaama looxyo lagu saleeyo, garaaca budada ah waxay horumarin kartaa bandhiga saliidaha ee saliidaha iyo iska caabinta heerkulka sare marka lagu daro soo saaridda saliidaha saliida iyo dufan. Budada garaafka ah waxay ka samaysan tahay garaaf dabiici ah oo dabiici ah oo leh wax qabad dabiici ah oo leh sheyga ceyriinka ah, halka astaamaha hadhuudhka ee budada garaafka ah ay tahay nanometer, oo saameyn ku leh saamaynta mugga, saamaynta dushiisa, dusha sare iyo shucaaca. Cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in cabirka walxaha ka kooban ee budada garaafka ah, sida ugu fiican ee loo yaqaan 'lingation' uu yahay isla xaalado ay ka mid yihiin cabirka cabirrada tuugga.
Budada garaafka ah waa nooc ka mid ah walax anornic ah. Saliidda saliidda iyo dufanku waxay ku dartay budada garaafka garaafka si weyn u hagaajisay saliidaha, iska caabbinta, iwm. Nano garaaf adag oo saliidalida filimka qallalan ee ka samaysan budada garaafka ee garaafka ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa dusha sare ee culeyska culeyska culus. Xirmadan lagu sameeyay budada garaafka garaafka ayaa si wax ku ool ah u kala go'ay dhexdhexaadka ah oo door wanaagsan ka ciyaara
Waqtiga Post: Oktoobar-12-2022